Friday, 31 December 2010
insect pictures
Insects (from Latin insectum, a calque of Greek ἔντομον [éntomon], “cut into sections”) are a class within the arthropods that have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body (head, thorax, and abdomen), three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes, and two antennae. They are among the most diverse group of animals on the planet and include more than a million described species and represent more than half of all known living organisms.[2][3] The number of extant species is estimated at between six and ten million,[2][4][5] and potentially represent over 90% of the differing metazoan life forms on Earth.[6] Insects may be found in nearly all environments, although only a small number of species occur in the oceans, a habitat dominated by another arthropod group, the crustaceans.
The life cycles of insects vary but most hatch from eggs. Insect growth is constrained by the inelastic exoskeleton and development involves a series of molts. The immature stages can differ from the adults in structure, habit and habitat and can include a passive pupal stage in those groups that undergo complete metamorphosis. Insects that undergo incomplete metamorphosis lack a pupal stage and adults develop through a series of nymphal stages.[7] The higher level relationship of the hexapoda is unclear. Fossilized insects of enormous size have been found from the Paleozoic Era, including giant dragonflies with wingspans of 55 to 70 cm (22–28 in). The most diverse insect groups appear to have coevolved with flowering plants.
Insects typically move about by walking, flying or occasionally sinking and swimming at the same time. Because it allows for rapid yet stable movement, many insects adopt a tripedal gait in which they walk with their legs touching the ground in alternating triangles. Insects are the only invertebrates to have evolved flight. Many insects spend at least part of their life underwater, with larval adaptations that include gills and some adult insects are aquatic and have adaptations for swimming. Some species, like water striders, are capable of walking on the surface of water.
Insects are mostly solitary, but some insects, such as certain bees, ants, and termites are social and live in large, well-organized colonies. Some insects, like earwigs, show maternal care, guarding their eggs and young. Insects can communicate with each other in a variety of ways. Male moths can sense the pheromones of female moths over distances of many kilometers. Other species communicate with sounds: crickets stridulate, or rub their wings together, to attract a mate and repel other males. Lampyridae in the beetle order Coleoptera communicate with light.
Humans regard certain insects as pests and attempt to control them using insecticides and a host of other techniques. Some insects damage crops by feeding on sap, leaves or fruits, a few bite humans and livestock, alive and dead, to feed on blood and some are capable of transmitting diseases to humans, pets and livestock. Many other insects are considered ecologically beneficial and a few provide direct economic benefit. Silkworms and bees have been domesticated by humans for the production of silk and honey, respectively.
General body plan
Insects have segmented bodies supported by an exoskeleton, a hard outer covering made mostly of chitin. The segments of the body are organized into three distinctive but interconnected units, or tagmata: a head, a thorax, and an abdomen.[8] The head supports a pair of sensory antennae, a pair of compound eyes, and, if present, one to three simple eyes (or ocelli) and three sets of variously modified appendages that form the mouthparts. The thorax has six segmented legs—one pair each for the prothorax, mesothorax and the metathorax segments making up the thorax—and, if present in the species, two or four wings. The abdomen consists of eleven segments, though in a few species of insects these segments may be fused together or reduced in size. The abdomen also contains most of the digestive, respiratory, excretory and reproductive internal structures.[9]:22–48 There is considerable variation and many adaptations in the body parts of insects especially wings, legs, antenna, mouth-parts etc.
[edit] Exoskeleton
Insect outer skeleton, the cuticle, is made up of two layers: the epicuticle, which is a thin and waxy water resistant outer layer and contains no chitin, and a lower layer called the procuticle. The procuticle is chitinous and much thicker than the epicuticle and has two layers: an outer layer known as the exocuticle and an inner layer known as the endocuticle. The tough and flexible endocuticle is built from numerous layers of fibrous chitin and proteins, criss-crossing each others in a sandwich pattern, while the exocuticle is rigid and hardened.[9]:22–24 The exocuticle is greatly reduced in many soft-bodied insects (e.g., caterpillars), especially during their larval stages.
Insects are the only invertebrates to have developed active flight capability, and this has played an important role in their success.[9]:186 These muscles are able to contract multiple times for each single nerve impulse, allowing the wings to beat faster than would ordinarily be possible. Having their muscles attached to their exoskeletons is more efficient and allows more muscle connections; crustaceans also use the same method, though all spiders use hydraulic pressure to extend their legs, a system inherited from their pre-arthropod ancestors. Unlike insects, though, most aquatic crustaceans are biomineralized with calcium carbonate extracted from the water.[10][11]
[edit] Nervous system
The nervous system of an insect can be divided into a brain and a ventral nerve cord. The head capsule, made up of six fused segments, each with a pair of ganglia, or a cluster of nerve cells outside of the brain. The first three pairs of ganglia are fused into the brain, while the three following pairs are fused into a structure of three pairs of ganglia under the insect's esophagus, called the subesophageal ganglion.[9]:57
The life cycles of insects vary but most hatch from eggs. Insect growth is constrained by the inelastic exoskeleton and development involves a series of molts. The immature stages can differ from the adults in structure, habit and habitat and can include a passive pupal stage in those groups that undergo complete metamorphosis. Insects that undergo incomplete metamorphosis lack a pupal stage and adults develop through a series of nymphal stages.[7] The higher level relationship of the hexapoda is unclear. Fossilized insects of enormous size have been found from the Paleozoic Era, including giant dragonflies with wingspans of 55 to 70 cm (22–28 in). The most diverse insect groups appear to have coevolved with flowering plants.
Insects typically move about by walking, flying or occasionally sinking and swimming at the same time. Because it allows for rapid yet stable movement, many insects adopt a tripedal gait in which they walk with their legs touching the ground in alternating triangles. Insects are the only invertebrates to have evolved flight. Many insects spend at least part of their life underwater, with larval adaptations that include gills and some adult insects are aquatic and have adaptations for swimming. Some species, like water striders, are capable of walking on the surface of water.
Insects are mostly solitary, but some insects, such as certain bees, ants, and termites are social and live in large, well-organized colonies. Some insects, like earwigs, show maternal care, guarding their eggs and young. Insects can communicate with each other in a variety of ways. Male moths can sense the pheromones of female moths over distances of many kilometers. Other species communicate with sounds: crickets stridulate, or rub their wings together, to attract a mate and repel other males. Lampyridae in the beetle order Coleoptera communicate with light.
Humans regard certain insects as pests and attempt to control them using insecticides and a host of other techniques. Some insects damage crops by feeding on sap, leaves or fruits, a few bite humans and livestock, alive and dead, to feed on blood and some are capable of transmitting diseases to humans, pets and livestock. Many other insects are considered ecologically beneficial and a few provide direct economic benefit. Silkworms and bees have been domesticated by humans for the production of silk and honey, respectively.
General body planInsects have segmented bodies supported by an exoskeleton, a hard outer covering made mostly of chitin. The segments of the body are organized into three distinctive but interconnected units, or tagmata: a head, a thorax, and an abdomen.[8] The head supports a pair of sensory antennae, a pair of compound eyes, and, if present, one to three simple eyes (or ocelli) and three sets of variously modified appendages that form the mouthparts. The thorax has six segmented legs—one pair each for the prothorax, mesothorax and the metathorax segments making up the thorax—and, if present in the species, two or four wings. The abdomen consists of eleven segments, though in a few species of insects these segments may be fused together or reduced in size. The abdomen also contains most of the digestive, respiratory, excretory and reproductive internal structures.[9]:22–48 There is considerable variation and many adaptations in the body parts of insects especially wings, legs, antenna, mouth-parts etc.
[edit] Exoskeleton
Insect outer skeleton, the cuticle, is made up of two layers: the epicuticle, which is a thin and waxy water resistant outer layer and contains no chitin, and a lower layer called the procuticle. The procuticle is chitinous and much thicker than the epicuticle and has two layers: an outer layer known as the exocuticle and an inner layer known as the endocuticle. The tough and flexible endocuticle is built from numerous layers of fibrous chitin and proteins, criss-crossing each others in a sandwich pattern, while the exocuticle is rigid and hardened.[9]:22–24 The exocuticle is greatly reduced in many soft-bodied insects (e.g., caterpillars), especially during their larval stages.
Insects are the only invertebrates to have developed active flight capability, and this has played an important role in their success.[9]:186 These muscles are able to contract multiple times for each single nerve impulse, allowing the wings to beat faster than would ordinarily be possible. Having their muscles attached to their exoskeletons is more efficient and allows more muscle connections; crustaceans also use the same method, though all spiders use hydraulic pressure to extend their legs, a system inherited from their pre-arthropod ancestors. Unlike insects, though, most aquatic crustaceans are biomineralized with calcium carbonate extracted from the water.[10][11]
[edit] Nervous system
The nervous system of an insect can be divided into a brain and a ventral nerve cord. The head capsule, made up of six fused segments, each with a pair of ganglia, or a cluster of nerve cells outside of the brain. The first three pairs of ganglia are fused into the brain, while the three following pairs are fused into a structure of three pairs of ganglia under the insect's esophagus, called the subesophageal ganglion.[9]:57
Thursday, 30 December 2010
Nicole Scherzinger Hot Wallpapers Latest Sexy Actress Singer Twitter Backgrounds
Nicole Scherzinger Hot Wallpapers Latest Sexy Actress Singer Twitter Backgrounds. Nicole Scherzinger no longer wants to hear the Pussycat Dolls songs that sent her to stardom. Download Nicole Scherzinger Hot Desktop Backgrounds,Photos in HD and High Quality Resolutions. Hot Hollywood Celebrity Sexy and Spicy wallpapers.
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Ford Mustang cool Modification
Cool Ford mustang picture
Ford Mustang auto tune
Mustang Freestyle
The Ford Mustang Shelby is a high performance variant of the Ford Mustang, built by Ford from 1968 through 1970. The 1965, 1966 and 1967 Shelbys' were a series of Ford Mustangs which were specially modified by Carroll Shelby's company and sold under the name Shelby GT with identification badges Shelby Cobra. From 1968 the model became the Shelby Cobra GT. The program was factory-sponsored by Ford to compete with the Corvette, also factory-sponsored by Chevrolet, neither of which could be built for the sales price charged. In 2007, following the introduction of the Fifth-generation Ford Mustang the Shelby nameplate was revived for new high performance versions of the Mustang.
Ford Mustang cool Modification
Cool Ford mustang picture
Ford Mustang auto tune
Mustang Freestyle
The Ford Mustang Shelby is a high performance variant of the Ford Mustang, built by Ford from 1968 through 1970. The 1965, 1966 and 1967 Shelbys' were a series of Ford Mustangs which were specially modified by Carroll Shelby's company and sold under the name Shelby GT with identification badges Shelby Cobra. From 1968 the model became the Shelby Cobra GT. The program was factory-sponsored by Ford to compete with the Corvette, also factory-sponsored by Chevrolet, neither of which could be built for the sales price charged. In 2007, following the introduction of the Fifth-generation Ford Mustang the Shelby nameplate was revived for new high performance versions of the Mustang.
Ford Mustang cool Modification
Cool Ford mustang picture
Ford Mustang auto tune
Mustang Freestyle
The Ford Mustang Shelby is a high performance variant of the Ford Mustang, built by Ford from 1968 through 1970. The 1965, 1966 and 1967 Shelbys' were a series of Ford Mustangs which were specially modified by Carroll Shelby's company and sold under the name Shelby GT with identification badges Shelby Cobra. From 1968 the model became the Shelby Cobra GT. The program was factory-sponsored by Ford to compete with the Corvette, also factory-sponsored by Chevrolet, neither of which could be built for the sales price charged. In 2007, following the introduction of the Fifth-generation Ford Mustang the Shelby nameplate was revived for new high performance versions of the Mustang.
Ford Unwraps Mustang Boss 302S Turn-Key Ready Racecar
Ford Mustang Boss 302S specs
Engine
5.0L BossR engine
Engine oil cooler
FR serialized intake badge
Boss 302 fuel system
Upgraded cooling system
Ford Unwraps Mustang Boss 302S Turn-Key Ready Racecar
Ford Mustang Boss 302S specs
Engine
5.0L BossR engine
Engine oil cooler
FR serialized intake badge
Boss 302 fuel system
Upgraded cooling system
Ford Unwraps Mustang Boss 302S Turn-Key Ready Racecar
Ford Mustang Boss 302S specs
Engine
5.0L BossR engine
Engine oil cooler
FR serialized intake badge
Boss 302 fuel system
Upgraded cooling system
Ford Unwraps Mustang Boss 302S Turn-Key Ready Racecar
Ford Mustang Boss 302S specs
Engine
5.0L BossR engine
Engine oil cooler
FR serialized intake badge
Boss 302 fuel system
Upgraded cooling system
Lamborghini super sportscars at 2010 Pirelli
Automobili Lamborghini and Pirelli, once again in partnership: the House of the Raging Bull’s super sportscars were among the luxury vehicles chosen by the tyre manufacturer for the new 2010 Pirelli calendar presentation, which took place last night in London.
A Murcielago LP 670-4 SuperVeloce and two Gallardos - an LP 560-4 Spyder and the latest limited edition, rear-wheel drive LP 550-2 Valentino Balboni – chauffeured some of the best known celebrities from music and show business to the event, including English model and socialite Lady Victoria Hervey, and songwriter, singer and twice Brit Award winner James Blunt and his companion. Blunt’s album ‘Back to Bedlam’ has sold 11 million copies worldwide and topped the charts in 18 countries.
For the occasion, all three Lamborghinis sported a special feature: hidden LED lights which, positioned under the wheel arches, illuminated the tyres in homage to the Milan-based tyre company.
The long-standing partnership between Lamborghini and Pirelli, both leaders in the automotive industry, focuses on technologically advanced solutions such as specific tyres to match Lamborghini sportscars’ extreme power and performance.
Lamborghini super sportscars at 2010 Pirelli
Automobili Lamborghini and Pirelli, once again in partnership: the House of the Raging Bull’s super sportscars were among the luxury vehicles chosen by the tyre manufacturer for the new 2010 Pirelli calendar presentation, which took place last night in London.
A Murcielago LP 670-4 SuperVeloce and two Gallardos - an LP 560-4 Spyder and the latest limited edition, rear-wheel drive LP 550-2 Valentino Balboni – chauffeured some of the best known celebrities from music and show business to the event, including English model and socialite Lady Victoria Hervey, and songwriter, singer and twice Brit Award winner James Blunt and his companion. Blunt’s album ‘Back to Bedlam’ has sold 11 million copies worldwide and topped the charts in 18 countries.
For the occasion, all three Lamborghinis sported a special feature: hidden LED lights which, positioned under the wheel arches, illuminated the tyres in homage to the Milan-based tyre company.
The long-standing partnership between Lamborghini and Pirelli, both leaders in the automotive industry, focuses on technologically advanced solutions such as specific tyres to match Lamborghini sportscars’ extreme power and performance.
Lamborghini super sportscars at 2010 Pirelli
Automobili Lamborghini and Pirelli, once again in partnership: the House of the Raging Bull’s super sportscars were among the luxury vehicles chosen by the tyre manufacturer for the new 2010 Pirelli calendar presentation, which took place last night in London.
A Murcielago LP 670-4 SuperVeloce and two Gallardos - an LP 560-4 Spyder and the latest limited edition, rear-wheel drive LP 550-2 Valentino Balboni – chauffeured some of the best known celebrities from music and show business to the event, including English model and socialite Lady Victoria Hervey, and songwriter, singer and twice Brit Award winner James Blunt and his companion. Blunt’s album ‘Back to Bedlam’ has sold 11 million copies worldwide and topped the charts in 18 countries.
For the occasion, all three Lamborghinis sported a special feature: hidden LED lights which, positioned under the wheel arches, illuminated the tyres in homage to the Milan-based tyre company.
The long-standing partnership between Lamborghini and Pirelli, both leaders in the automotive industry, focuses on technologically advanced solutions such as specific tyres to match Lamborghini sportscars’ extreme power and performance.
Lamborghini super sportscars at 2010 Pirelli
Automobili Lamborghini and Pirelli, once again in partnership: the House of the Raging Bull’s super sportscars were among the luxury vehicles chosen by the tyre manufacturer for the new 2010 Pirelli calendar presentation, which took place last night in London.
A Murcielago LP 670-4 SuperVeloce and two Gallardos - an LP 560-4 Spyder and the latest limited edition, rear-wheel drive LP 550-2 Valentino Balboni – chauffeured some of the best known celebrities from music and show business to the event, including English model and socialite Lady Victoria Hervey, and songwriter, singer and twice Brit Award winner James Blunt and his companion. Blunt’s album ‘Back to Bedlam’ has sold 11 million copies worldwide and topped the charts in 18 countries.
For the occasion, all three Lamborghinis sported a special feature: hidden LED lights which, positioned under the wheel arches, illuminated the tyres in homage to the Milan-based tyre company.
The long-standing partnership between Lamborghini and Pirelli, both leaders in the automotive industry, focuses on technologically advanced solutions such as specific tyres to match Lamborghini sportscars’ extreme power and performance.
Honda Civic 2005 Car Extreme Flow JGTC Modification
Extreme Car Modification
Inspiration modification can come from anywhere. Hollywood movies for example, often become the basis for a modifikator to change the look of the car. This car is a car mimic the JGTC Honda NSX, because the owner likes to play the game Gran Turismo.
At first glance, anyone who thought that the car is white with green strip is the Honda Civic in 2005. But the fact it was the origin of the Civic this car. When given a touch of Rosella to the exterior, and mjm for the interior, the Civic now has a better look ‘cool
‘And’ muscular ‘, far from the beginning form.
Honda Civic 2005 Car Extreme Flow JGTC Modification
Extreme Car Modification
Inspiration modification can come from anywhere. Hollywood movies for example, often become the basis for a modifikator to change the look of the car. This car is a car mimic the JGTC Honda NSX, because the owner likes to play the game Gran Turismo.
At first glance, anyone who thought that the car is white with green strip is the Honda Civic in 2005. But the fact it was the origin of the Civic this car. When given a touch of Rosella to the exterior, and mjm for the interior, the Civic now has a better look ‘cool
‘And’ muscular ‘, far from the beginning form.
Honda Civic 2005 Car Extreme Flow JGTC Modification
Extreme Car Modification
Inspiration modification can come from anywhere. Hollywood movies for example, often become the basis for a modifikator to change the look of the car. This car is a car mimic the JGTC Honda NSX, because the owner likes to play the game Gran Turismo.
At first glance, anyone who thought that the car is white with green strip is the Honda Civic in 2005. But the fact it was the origin of the Civic this car. When given a touch of Rosella to the exterior, and mjm for the interior, the Civic now has a better look ‘cool
‘And’ muscular ‘, far from the beginning form.
Honda Civic 2005 Car Extreme Flow JGTC Modification
Extreme Car Modification
Inspiration modification can come from anywhere. Hollywood movies for example, often become the basis for a modifikator to change the look of the car. This car is a car mimic the JGTC Honda NSX, because the owner likes to play the game Gran Turismo.
At first glance, anyone who thought that the car is white with green strip is the Honda Civic in 2005. But the fact it was the origin of the Civic this car. When given a touch of Rosella to the exterior, and mjm for the interior, the Civic now has a better look ‘cool
‘And’ muscular ‘, far from the beginning form.
Wednesday, 29 December 2010
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